Essay about Mark Twain Literary Analysis - 1352 Words

Mark Twain, one of the most famous and influential American writers, was born in Hannibal, Missouri on November 30, 1835 and died April 21, 1910. Born Samuel Langhorne Clemens, he eventually adopted his famous pseudonym in 1863. Shortly after his fathers death in 1847, when Clemens was twelve, his father passed away. After his father death, he applied for an apprenticeship at the local-printing shop. While working in the printing shop, Twain learned the skills required to be a printer and developed an aptitude for witty short essays and responses. Mark Twain was enthralled by his opportunity to develop his skills as a printer, and later he realized that he had a unique talent for writing. By working as an apprentice printer, he†¦show more content†¦Many critics agree that Twains skilled use of the satirical literary style, defines himself as a writer. If the prevailing spirit of Mark Twains humor is not a sort of good-natured self-satire, in which the reader may see h is own absurdities reflected, I scarcely should be able to define it (Howells). This similarity was present in all three short stories. Not only was satire a common recurring premise in all three of Mark Twains short stories, but also his style of narrating his stories in first person was also present. Throughout his short stories, this was another repetitive theme. He commonly narrated his stores in first person and for the most part, kept the tense consistent. In the three short stories, Mark Twain was the narrator and it was through his eyes that the reader witnessed the story. In The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Twain displayed an extraordinarily amount of boasting. Maybe you understand frogs and maybe you dont understand ‘em; maybe youve had experience, and maybe you aint only a amateur, as it were. Anyways, I‘ve got my opinion, and Ill resk forty dollars that he can out jump any frog in Calaveras County. I should judge Ââ€" he can. (The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County) ThisShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis Of Mark Twain s Huckleberry Finn1082 Words   |  5 PagesBen Choi Mr. Biber April 3, 2015 English III H A Literary Analysis on the Themes of Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn David Hume, a Scottish philosopher of the 1700s, once said, Mankind are so much the same, in all times and places, that history informs us of nothing new or strange in this particular. Its chief use is only to discover the constant and universal principles of human nature. These â€Å"principles of human nature†, however, can be examined not only in history itself, but also in stories writtenRead MoreAnalysis of Literary Techniques For The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain982 Words   |  4 Pages In The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn, Twain paints a colorful portrait of his life growing up in the south. Originally intended to be just a â€Å"fun† narrative about his childhood, Twain’s novel evolved into something much greater by criticising slavery and advocating for the rights of african-americans. The themes that the book represents were revolutionary in their time, something only accomplished through the narratives of Twain. The Adventures of Huc kleberry Finn, is aptly named due to it’s perspectivesRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Twain s Works Made A Huge Impact On Readers And Literary Critics1288 Words   |  6 Pages2/26/17 P:2 Outline Mark Twain’s works made a huge impact on readers and literary critics. His writing occurred during both the romantic and realist time eras in American Literature. He has simple, seemingly artless narrators and an understated style leads readers to arrive at the social commentary of his narratives on their own. Mark Twain’s writing influenced society because he created a new perspective on life with the views pointed out in his books. The distinctive trait of Twain s was his senseRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Twain s The Five Boons Of Life 1091 Words   |  5 PagesValue in Life Mark Twain was one of many great authors of his time. Twain was born November 30, 1835 (â€Å"Literary Analysis†).Twain had grown up in Missouri, one of only fifteen slave states, during the Civil War. He was one of eleven children. He spent most of his childhood ill and confined to bed (â€Å"Literary Analysis†).Twain’s father died when he was twelve, leaving him to have to search for a job to care for his family (â€Å"Literary Analysis†). During these times all were experiencing, racism, lynchRead More Huck Finn Essay900 Words   |  4 Pages Tim Lively Critical Analysis: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Setting: Late 1800’s along the Mississippi River Plot: When the book begins, the main character, Huck Finn possesses a large sum of money. This causes his delinquent lifestyle to change drastically. Huck gets an education, and a home to live in with a caring elderly woman (the widow). One would think that Huck would be satisfied. Well, he wasn’t. He wanted his own lifestyle back. Huck’s drunkard father (pap), who had previouslyRead MoreMark Twain s Adventures Of Tom Sawyer1586 Words   |  7 PagesSawyer are closely related to Mark Twain’s own life experiences. The fictional town of St. Petersburg very closely resembles Twain’s childhood home in a small town in Missouri, because of the Mississippi River (Stanley 1). He remembers both the ups and downs of his childhood and conveys these in the novel (Higgins). Many of his memories of living by the Mississippi river are displayed in this novel as Tom has several encounters with rivers (â€Å"Mark Twain†). Twain also interprets how children feelRead MoreMark Twains Humorous Satire in Running for Governor1692 Words   |  7 Pageszwwx@overseaen.com http://www.overseaen.com 2012 Ã¥ ¹ ´ 02 æÅ"ˆ Tel:+86-551-5690811 5690812 ISSN 1009-5039 Overseas English æ µ · Ã¥ ¤â€" è‹ ± è ¯ ­ Overseas English æ µ · Ã¥ ¤â€" è‹ ± è ¯ ­ Mark Twains Humorous Satire in Running for Governor ç” °Ã¥â‚¬ © ï ¼Ë†Ã¥ ® Ã¥ ¤ Ã¥ ¤ §Ã¥ ­ ¦ Ã¥ ¤â€"å› ½Ã¨ ¯ ­Ã¥ ­ ¦Ã©â„¢ ¢Ã¯ ¼Å' Ã¥ ® Ã¥ ¤  é“ ¶Ã¥ ·  750021ï ¼â€° Abstract: Mark Twain, a mastermind of humor and realism, is seen as a giant in world literature. His humorous satire had great impact on the following men of letters; critics also attached significant importance to it and put forward various interpretations. NoticeablyRead MoreThe relation of form to content in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1097 Words   |  4 Pagesmanipulation of aesthetic through an emphasis of the ‘Vernacular’ rather than the ‘Literary’. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is therefore a novel that speaks for, and is demotic of, the people of the American South. The form of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, manifest in this vernacular aesthetic, is achieved through an attempt to approximate and reproduce idiomatic speech. Looking to Twain’s ‘Fenimore Cooper’s Literary Offences’, one is readily able to explicate the formal principles of this novelRead More Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court as a Dystopian Work1397 Words   |  6 PagesConnecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court as a Dystopian Work      Ã‚   For years, Mark Twains A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court has been primarily viewed as a work of simple satire. Twain, desiring to poke fun at a group of Americas cultural critics, chief among them Matthew Arnold, who claimed that cultural life in the U.S. treaded on shallow soil, takes aim at the venerated institutions of Britain. The author attempts to show that his countrys lack of romanticized socialRead MoreLiterary Analysis Term Paper for Tom Sawyer : a Classic Novel771 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis Term Paper for Tom Sawyer: A Classic Novel Mark Twain’s book is a novel that follows the juvenile life of a small boy. You will see how much fun the main character, Tom, and his friends have by skipping school, fishing, swimming, and using with their imaginations to have a good time. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is a classic novel for many reasons. The plot gives us an idea about how people lived in the era the book takes place in. Readers enjoy the book because they can relate

Strategic, Tactical and Administrative Crime Analysis Free Essays

Strategic, Tactical and Administrative Crime Analysis Talisa Mulligan Unit 2 Project CJ110: Introduction to Crime Analysis Professor Moore June 24, 2011 It is important to make sure that when a crime occurs, all the pieces of evidence are gathered, all the victims and witnesses are questioned separately and as soon as possible while the crime details are still fresh in their minds. An important question to ask the victims and witnesses is any description of the criminal, physical, sound of the criminal’s voice, what they were wearing, and any distinguishing marks, behavior or anything else that they noticed to help identify the criminal. In this project, I was to read three crimes that occurred and discuss what type of analysis I would use, clues to the different crimes that I could use to help identify the criminal, how the MO’s were similar and different, whether or not I suspect these crimes are tied together as a series, and what types of work products I would utilize to help identify the criminals. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic, Tactical and Administrative Crime Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Upon reading these crime reports, I would use tactical analysis. Tactical analysis is used on a daily basis to look for potential crime patterns that may be beginning or already existing to help catch the criminal and prevent them from committing further crimes. I would refer to tactical analysis with these three incidences because I can identify similarities within the crime scenes, including the locations, dates, times, and descriptions of the offenders. When reviewing the information, I notice similarities in the three crimes which tells me this is a crime series. A crime series is multiple crimes committed by the same offenders. The similarities found from the information gathered from the scenes and witnesses that I noticed are the disguises the offenders wore, the places they robbed, the times of the night, the locations, and what they took. All three crimes had similar modus operandi (MO). The suspects entered the convenience stores at night, with guns in their hands, masks on their faces, and black hooded sweatshirts on. The suspects took the money from the registers and cartons of Marlboro cigarettes. In two of the three crimes, two suspects entered the store. One suspect entered the store in the third crime, however; was heard yelling to a second individual. The MO’s that differed from the three crimes are within the third crime. Only one suspect entered, and he actually struck the employee with the butt of the gun. That was the first physical incident that occurred within this series of crimes. Some clues to help identify the suspects are a tattoo of a spider with droplets of blood on one of the suspect’s right leg and he was a white male. Surveillance in the last two crimes were on surveillance and caught the incidents and the suspects’ car as they were leaving. The car was a tan Ford Taurus with temporary plates, the numbers weren’t seen. In the last robbery, the one male suspect who entered the store by himself, called the other suspect â€Å"Nemo† which could be a nickname the other suspect is known by. During the robbery, the suspects took cartons of Marlboro cigarettes, and although that is a popular brand, they may be have an over abundance of them or may be selling them. During the first robbery, the employee noticed the suspects were wearing gloves, but the employee in the second robbery did not notice if they were wearing gloves, and in the third robbery, there was no mention if gloves were worn, so there is a good chance the scene could supply fingerprints. And finally, in the last two robberies, the suspects were seen leaving eastbound on Mainstreet, which is a good indicator it is the direction of where they live or can be found. Work products I would utilize for this series of crime are briefings with the officers, so they will have knowledge of the crimes and any updated information on the suspects so they can keep an eye out while they are out on patrol. I would use crime bulletins and reports, which will allow me to see if similar reports have been made at other locations to help determine where the suspects are traveling and if more information is gathered on them. I would reach out to the media with special alerts to see if anyone has any further information. Utilizing charts and spreadsheets will help keep track of where the suspects have been and help predict where they may go, and what areas need to be patrolled more. In these three crimes, the suspects for the most part, remained consistant, and I think that while they continue to do so, it will make the job of the analysist and officers much easier to apprehend these individuals. It is very important that the victims of crimes are interviewed immediately with a follow up, to be certain that they are able to give as many clues as possible. References: N/A How to cite Strategic, Tactical and Administrative Crime Analysis, Papers

Technology and Social Justice free essay sample

Dyson expresses a deep optimism about humans ability to use technological innovation to increase social justice. Exactly how does Dyson answer pessimistic doubts that technological innovations frequently serve to increase social oppression and inequality? What is your assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of Dysons response to that pessimistic perspective? Freeman Dyson answers the pessimistic doubts that technological innovations serve to increase social oppression and inequality by discussing the difference in technology between the rich and the poor. He explains how technology is a contributing factor in creating social injustice and endorses his deduction. He explains this through a combination of history, personal stories, and technological and ethical creativity. Dyson addresses his pessimistic doubts with examples from history. He starts by explaining that the technology of printing led to the Protestant Reformation because it gave them the ability to spread the word through print. With this invention, people throughout Europe were able to have books and educate themselves as well as their fellow man. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology and Social Justice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The biggest part of the technology of printing was being able to mass produce the Bible. The first two to think of it in the respect of justice were Luther and Shakespeare and the printed book allowed for ordinary citizens to finally acquire books. The practicality of technology led the way for social justice during the next two centuries. Public services such as clean water, sewage treatment, antibiotics and vaccines helped to bring the gap between rich and poor closer. Dyson also makes mention of how synthetic materials have introduced fake furs, brilliant colors and silk. So where does the social oppression exactly begin? With each new technology, there comes a greater distance between the rich and the poor. For example, at the onset of a new device, we have a tendency to hold on to it in a selfish way, making it only available to those who can afford to have it. Much like a new toy that you didn’t want your friends to play with because of our self centered ways. Once we are through playing with it and the new wears off, we are more apt to allow others to have it, as long as there is something newer to replace it. Dyson addresses the pessimistic doubts that technology innovations frequently serve to increase social oppression and inequality. He discussed the difference in technology between the rich and the poor. He explains the effects of technology as it is contributed in a practical way to social justice. Dyson supports his conclusion though a combination of historical reflection, personal anecdotes, and the exercise of technological and moral imagination (Winston and Edelbach). Dyson begins to address the pessimistic doubts with historical examples. In the fourteenth century the new technology of printing transformed the face of Europe. Among people throughout Europe books and education was spread. Printing paved the way for the Protestant Reformation in Northern Europe. That was made possible by the printing of the Bible. Technology was also used in practical ways throughout the next centuries. Public health technology through clean water supplies, sewage treatment, vaccination, and antibiotics. Public health technology was used to protect the rich from contagion and sickness for the poor if it was available. Technology of synthetic material was once a way to determine the rich from the poor. That was until the nineteenth century that synthetic materials assisted to obliterate the difference between the rich and the poor. Brilliant colors, furs, and silks were only affordable for the rich. Fine clothes were considered an insignia of wealth and a privilege to be worn. By the twentieth century, artificial dyestuff was created. Artificial furs, silks, and other cheap synthetic fabrics were made so that middle class women could afford to buy them. This was a measure of social justice in modern societies that the children of the rich now dress down. The children of the rich do this to imitate the style of the majority both in class and in behavior.

MTV Case Swot Analysis Essay Example

MTV Case Swot Analysis Essay Because of MTV’s connection to popular culture, it attracts the young adult population, who are some of the strongest money spenders, to be their number one demographic of viewers. It is effortless for young adults to be loyal to MTV because it shows them what they want, such as coverage on music, lifestyle, fashion, and film. Having the loyalty of the young adult population is very important to MTV’s success because this demographic is typically known for being trendsetters in popular culture. Its first-mover advantage in the industry also played a huge role in establishing and maintaining a connection with the youth audience. This dominance over the young adult population has led cable networks and advertisers to have a high demand for advertising on MTV, which is another one of their strengths. Advertisers are eager to gain advertising slots during MTV’s most sought after programs such as the MTV music awards. Many companies, such as Burger King and Foot Locker, have sponsored MTV so that they can reach out to young adults across the country. Because MTV lead to the success of many artists, many of them hope to be affiliated with MTV so that they will continue to be relevant in today’s pop culture. This is another strength for MTV because it’s alliance with so many celebrities is another factor of why they have such a strong following in the young adult market. MTV has been successful in its expansion into the global market because it localizes itself to fit the interests of its audience. Its mergers with companies such as the Philippines’ National Broadcasting Company has also made them more relevant to the local culture. We will write a custom essay sample on MTV Case Swot Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on MTV Case Swot Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on MTV Case Swot Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer MTV has become a global brand through its expansion to China, Europe, India, and other places around the world. MTV’s support for political and social causes, such as the 2004 presidential elections or relief for Hurricane Katrina, has made it more even more relevant to viewers across the country. This has led to their influence and power in entertainment media. Another strength is that the MTV network has various channels that as a whole cater to an even broader demographic. For example, they own Nickelodeon, which is a channel primarily for children, or they own BET, which focuses on African-American music and entertainment. Weaknesses MTV continuously risks losing its dominating position because it solely serves momentary on-demand interests. This is difficult because it means that MTV must constantly find out what these interests are and be the first to expand them no matter how fast they might change. Because cable television offers several other alternatives, MTV must work even harder to continually grasp the attention of its audience. Another weakness that MTV has is the fact that their many cultural misunderstandings have led to them have difficulties reaching local audiences. In order to better reach these local audiences, it must use advertising and branding that is more appropriate to their culture. Opportunities MTV saw many of its competitors as opportunities as opposed to threats. When competitors such as BET, The Box, or VH1 gained large success across the country, MTV sought to purchase these companies and add them to their MTV networks unit, which has increased MTV’s revenue significantly. The digital age has also presented MTV with an opportunity to expand its market. Merging with mobile and Internet companies could lead to a wider distribution of their products. Also, a lot of MTV’s success has come from being a channel that is interactive with its users, so technology could add to their success by allowing them to hold polls for the VMA’s (Video Music Awards) on their mobile phones, for example. Globalization has also been a huge opportunity for MTV to expand into emerging markets, such as BRIC countries, Brazil, India, and China. For instance, the 12-34 age group, MTV’s target market, accounts for nearly two-thirds of Asia’s population. Increasing advertising in these countries also provides MTV with an opportunity to increase its advertising revenue. Threats Although MTV has bought out many of its competitors, it still has a lot of competition to face against companies such as FuseTV. New technologies that have emerged in recent time have led to the creation of even more channels that MTV has to compete against. Also, MTV initially had a hard time providing international local cultures with program material that would be of interest to them. Instead, they provided them with English speaking channels and American music without thinking that they might enjoy something that is more in line with their cultures. Although MTV has since done a better job of catering to those local cultures, many different countries such as Germany had created their own local music channels by then that started to compete with MTV. Those countries have a familiarity with the local audiences that MTV doesn’t and needs to have, giving those local music channels a competitive advantage. Also, another threat to MTV’s success is the fact that their advertising revenue has started to decrease ever since cable networks have started to lose their appeal. Because an increasing number of people are using digital cable to watch their shows and skip ads or watching shows online, advertisers are spending less money on advertising on MTV. MTV’s late addition of their online site has also put them behind on making money from online advertising. MTV’s dominance over the 12-34 market can be a threat to them as well because they, the MTV Generation, are growing old and will soon be uninterested in this channel since it largely caters to the youth. MTV needs to find a new market to please as this generation gets older, and it is a threat to their success that the young adult stage is a very short-lived stage in a person’s life. Young adult’s interests are also extremely quick to change, which could make it difficult for MTV to effectively keep up with them.

Philosophy of Education Essays

Philosophy of Education Essays Philosophy of Education Essay Philosophy of Education Essay Philosophy of Education I believe that as a teacher I must first believe in my students. When I enter the classroom, I will look into the faces of each of my students and see them reach their greatest potential while in my care. I will make it an obligation to not let one single student leave my room at the end of a year without having helped them realize their potential. I will dedicate each and every minute of instruction to the investment of the future of my students. While this sounds ideal, I realize it will not be easy. I believe the greater purpose of education is to instill in my students the ealization that life happens on a daily basis, and it is up to them as individuals to determine what the future will be. I must help them understand how each and every lesson has a greater purpose. It is the beginning of the rest of their lives, and only through hard work and determination will they be able to lay a strong foundation that will support them throughout their lives. I must help open their minds to more than Just the basic concepts of a lesson so that they will realize what the greater picture is in life. I must take learning toa higher level and make it applicable to the veryday life of my students so that they find meaning in what happens in the classroom. I believe students learn best when they can find meaning in what they are doing. I believe the classroom must be an extension of their world. They must see the meaning in a lesson beyond the four walls of the classroom. When possible, I must open up opportunities for my students to explore more than the simple concepts of a lesson. I must challenge them to question concepts and challenge facts so that they learn how to invent and create new concepts and meanings and become the nventors of the future. I must allow them to challenge me and force them to look beyond the things they can see and imagine what could be instead of accepting what is. I must allow them to question, expect them to falter, and help them find new ways to overcome in order to excel and explore the unimaginable. In order to be an effective teacher that is able to achieve the impossible and challenge every student, regardless of his/her ability, I must remain excited about teaching and stay positive, even in the face of resistance. I must work diligently to reate a student-centered classroom. I must continue to educate myself and find new ways to engage my students and stay current on what their interests are. I must be willing to work harder, become more knowledgeable, and invest in what I may not always be able to see. I must stay positive when others around me choose to see the negative. Teaching is a choice. It is not something I do because it is easy or comfortable. I do it because it is a calling. I know I will impact the lives of many children. It is frightening at times to think how much influence I will have on my students. Because of my influence, I take it seriously and realize that my attitude and impact is far more reaching than the building in which I will teach. I will affect some of my students for a diligently to find the worth in my students that some of them will find nowhere else but my classroom. As my students leave my room, I must send with them the desire to impact society. I must find a way to help them realize that they have an obligation to find a way to give back in their home, their community, and the world. If I am able to do this, then I believe I will be a successful educator.

Automotive Airbag History and Invention

Automotive Airbag History and Invention Like seatbelts, airbags are a type of  automobile safety restraint system designed to mitigate injury in the event of an accident. These gas-inflated cushions, built into the steering wheel, dashboard, door, roof, and/or seat of your car, use a crash sensor to trigger a rapid expansion of nitrogen gas contained inside a cushion that pops out on impact to put a protective barrier between passengers and hard surfaces. Types of Airbags The two main types of airbags are designed for front impact and side impact. Advanced frontal airbag systems automatically determine if and with what level of power the driver-side frontal airbag and the passenger-side frontal airbag will inflate. The appropriate level of power is based on the readings of sensor inputs that can typically detect occupant size, seat position, seat belt use of the occupant, and severity of the crash. Side-impact airbags (SABs) are inflatable devices designed to help protect the head and/or chest in the event of a serious crash involving impact with the side of a vehicle. There are three main types of SABs: chest (or torso) SABs, head SABs, and head/chest combination (or combo) SABs. The History of the Airbag At the dawn of the airbag industry, Allen Breed held the  patent (U.S. #5,071,161) to the only crash-sensing technology available at the time. Breed had invented a sensor and safety system in 1968. It was the worlds first electromechanical automotive airbag system. However, rudimentary patents for airbag predecessors date back to the 1950s. Patent applications were submitted by German Walter Linderer and American John Hetrick as early as 1951. Linderers airbag (German patent #896312) was based on a compressed air system, either released by bumper contact or by the driver. Hetrick received a patent in 1953 (U.S. #2,649,311) for what he called a safety cushion assembly for automotive vehicles, also based on compressed air. Later research during the 1960s proved that compressed air was not capable of inflating the airbags quickly enough to be effective. In 1964, Japanese automobile engineer Yasuzaburou Kobori  was developing an airbag safety net system that employed an explosive device to trigger airbag inflation, for which he was awarded patents in 14 countries. Sadly, Kobori  died in 1975 before seeing his ideas put into practical or widespread use. Airbags Are Introduced Commercially In 1971, the Ford Motor Company built an experimental airbag fleet. General Motors installed airbags in a fleet of 1973 Chevrolet Impalas- for government use only. The 1973 Oldsmobile Toronado was the first car with a passenger airbag sold to the public. General Motors later offered an option of driver-side airbags in full-sized Oldsmobiles and Buicks in 1975 and 1976, respectively. Cadillacs became available with driver and passenger airbags options during those years as well. General Motors, which had marketed its airbags as the Air Cushion Restraint System, discontinued the ACRS option for the 1977  model year, citing a lack of consumer interest. Ford and GM subsequently spent years  lobbying  against airbag requirements, arguing that the devices were simply not viable. Eventually, however, the automobile giants realized that the airbag was here to stay. Ford began offering them again as an option on their 1984 Tempo. While Chrysler made a driver-side airbag standard for its 1988–1989 models, it wasn’t until the early 1990s that airbags found their way into the majority of American cars. In 1994, TRW began production of the first gas-inflated airbag. Airbags have been mandatory in all new cars since 1998.

Developing Marketing Communication- Promotional Practice Report for Essay

Developing Marketing Communication- Promotional Practice Report for Sainsbury Christmas Campaign 2014- Christmas is for sharing - Essay Example This paper is focused on Sainsbury’s promotional campaign for Christmas. It covers the promotional activities of the company, the target audience, medium of communication and usage of required tools. Christmas in UK is the biggest celebration where the people involved in merry making, social gathering, and exchanging gifts. This gives the retail firms an opportunity to meet the customers’ need of buying gifts and other specialty goods for Christmas. The sudden rise in the purchase volume before the Christmas allows the retail firms to increase their sales thereby increasing their revenue. Thus Christmas is a major event that every retail company looks forward to. Sainsbury has designed its marketing campaign for Christmas termed as â€Å"Christmas is for Sharing† to attract the customers at a motivational level to buy and share gifts for their loved ones (Sainsbury’s, 2014). According to the theories discussed by Kotler and Keller (2011) approaching a customer group is done by three basic steps, segmentation, positioning and targeting. The segmentation allows the firm to select a market segment. For Sainsbury, it is the UK retail market segment. Positioning suggests how the firm wants its customers to perceive its value proposition. Finally targeting involves selecting a particular demographic from the entire population. Sainsbury is a multi brand retail store that offers a large portfolio of products belonging to a wide variety of piece range. Moreover, the ‘Christmas is for sharing’ does not target any particular customer segment, which suggests that Sainsbury has designed it Christmas promotional campaign for its entire customer base. Thus the target audience for this campaign is the entire UK population. However, Sainsbury is best known for its balanced positioning thereby targeting the middle and upper middle class of the society (Saunders, 2013). Thus it can be stated that the advertisement seeks to draw the attention of the entire UK

Business Law - Ethical issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Law - Ethical issues - Essay Example International entrepreneur ship spans cultural boundaries and involves a variety of stakeholders, including the entrepreneur, investors and policy makers (Asel, 2003). "Social considerations must be given the same status as economic, financial and environmental concerns in a holistic approach. It is time for global thinking and local action. The implementation of the Core Labour Standards and the laws and regulations that give effect to them at national levels can be significantly enhanced if the capacities of national labour inspectorates are built up and strengthened. Labour inspectors have a crucial role to play because they are the only ones with the authority to directly access and impose changes in the workplace."(Albracht, 2005) The increased working hours pose several external costs to the employees and employers both. They give rise to different health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure, gastrointestinal disorders, psychological wellbeing and circadian disruption. The resulting increase in sick leave makes the organisation bear the cost of the illness of employee. The external cost effect thus transfers to society in shape of increasing tax burden on taxpayers and on Government for the provision of more social care facilities (Dawson, McCulloch and Baker, 2001). But in order to compete internationally it is important to increase the working hours. As stated by Berry (2005) "Europe's productivity is lagging behind the US and Asia because inflexible labour laws are preventing companies restructuring and investing in new technologies, a report shows. A DTI-sponsored study, published to coincide with the UK's presidency of the EU, criticises member countries, particularly France, Germany, Spain and Italy, for not having the courage to reform labour laws. EU heads of state agreed a 10-year programme in 2000 to increase investment and make the EU "the most dynamic and competitive knowledge-based economy in the world". However, the DTI report said little progress has been made in achieving this goal. Companies in Europe have to pursue a policy of "creative destruction" to change the way they do business and learn from the "hire and fire" culture of the US to compete globally, the report said. At a conference key European players from business and government discussed the challenge of the future of information and communication technologies (ICT) policy. Viviane Reding, EU commissioner for information society and media, said many workers were concerned about their jobs and the EU would only strengthen economic growth by investing in ICT and abolishing "superfluous regulation" Although the hire and fire culture seems an easy way of achieving economic goals but the change in the policies regarding the employment can

Mathematics subject Essay Example for Free

Mathematics subject Essay Write a simple sentence and then write the negation. Imagine situations where each statement is true or false. How does the truth value (true or false) of the negation statement compare with the truth value of the original statement? Simple sentence: Mathematics is an easy subject. Negation: Mathematics is not an easy subject. There are many situations in one’s life that is true or false. A proposition is a statement that is declarative in form and is either true or false. The truth value of a statement is unclear in real life due to some conditions and the reasoning of each and every people. Another is that the truth value of a statement may also depend on time and space. An example would be the statement â€Å"It is raining very hard. † The truth value of the statement is either true or false depending on the time and the location of the person mentioning the statement. A situation where each statement is true or false is that when there is a discussion between the existences of something like god. Each and every statement in this situation will be either true or false. The statement â€Å"God exists† can be true or false because no one really knows if god really exists. In the example, â€Å"Mathematics is an easy subject. † The truth value of the statement is either true or false. Also the negation of the sentence has a truth value of either true or false. If the truth value of the first statement is determined to be true, then the truth value of the negation will be false. On the other hand, if the truth value of the first statement is false then the truth value of the negation will be true.

MTV: Music Mainstream Essay -- Entertainment Television Papers

Invention of MTV MTV pioneered the music video, music television industry. The music video genre was taking its first steps in the 60s and 70s. MTV seized upon the idea, linked it with cable television and created a media icon. MTV has been the launching pad for the careers of stars for two decades. On the MTV model, other music television programs adopted the format such as BET, VH-1, and the Nashville Network. MTV has continuously pushed the envelope in music and social issues. Their success deserves to be studied. The story of the founding of MTV has valuable lessons for the media industry. This is a brief look at who did it, how they accomplished it and their adaptations to the changing nuances of the industry. Linking music and the video is similar to the linking of sound and films in the early 20th century. It changed the way Rock and Roll music did business. Rock groups and soloists no longer had to sound good; they now had to look good close up. Professionals in video art and technology joined with professionals in the sound recording industry. The concept of the video jockey, VJ evolved. The term â€Å"yeah, I saw that song† was born. Prior to the invention and distribution of cable television, rock and roll music was flourishing. The few television networks limited the convergence of music and television in existence at the time. The music video was an experiment and the resources the networks could provide limited it. Music and television usually converged on Saturdays with programs like â€Å"the Monkeys†, and the cartoon â€Å"the Beatles† in the morning, â€Å"American Bandstand† in the early afternoon, â€Å"Soul Train† in the late afternoon, and â€Å"Midnight Special† or â€Å"Don Kirshner’s Rock Concert† Saturday night.... ...deos, all the time†. Who knows what will happen in the future of music television. Either way MTV will find a way to dominate popular culture and help young kids fit into the society that MTV keeps creating and recreating. Work Cited Absolute TRL. Show Index. 5 November 2001. http://absolutetrl.net/showinfo/index.html Denisoff, Serge R. Inside MTV. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, 1988. Waits, Jennifer C. (1997). Fantastic Reality: The Blurring of Leisure and Work Space On MTV’S The Real World and Road Rules. Bowling Green State University: Bowling Green, OH. http://www.mtv.com http://www.mtvi.com http://www.rockthevote.org http://www.CKY2K.net â€Å"Rockin in Time 4th Edition† David P. Szatmary, Prentis Hall INC. 2000. â€Å"The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Rock† Carlton Books Limited, 1993, Michael Heatley Editor, p. 321-22.

Martin Luther King Jr. Paper

Juan Lopez Professor Lonsdale English 1A 27 September 2012 America’s Freedom Call We as all Americans know of our past history, Americans were never given the same rights as every person living in America. America was known for its unequal, unjust laws, and segregation.As a result of the segregation occurring in American, African Americans were the most involved ethnic group fighting for equal rights, as defined by in the Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson: â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness† (80). Throughout our history we have had extraordinary civil rights leaders such as Frederick Douglass, John F.Kennedy, Abraham Lincoln, and Malcolm X who have sacrificed their lives for equal rights in the United States of America. Between the years 1958 to 1968, it was Martin Luther King J r. who engaged in fighting for the equal rights of African Americans, primarily in the South. King was the most influential civil rights leader in America for a long period of time. During his struggle for civil rights, he was arrested in Birmingham, Alabama for a program of sit-ins at luncheon counters without a permit.As a result of this incident, King composed a famous letter, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† in response to the criticism he received after these nonviolent demonstrations. King states in the very beginning his reasoning for writing the letter as a response to the clergymen’s statement calling his â€Å"present activities unwise and untimely†(King 213). He wanted to make clear the misunderstandings from his fellow clergymen. The purpose in his letter was to clarify to them his reasons for engaging in the demonstration.To get his reasoning across to his fellow Clergymen, King uses two compelling rhetorical strategies of logos and pathos to demo nstrate his intelligence and ability to compose a direct argument for the clergymen of Birmingham. He refutes all the points that his fellow clergymen make by using logical reasoning and tells them about the unjust situation in Birmingham. In his accomplishment of the letter, King seeks to convince his fellow clergymen as well as the entire world that civil rights should be granted to African Americans along with ending segregation once and forall.King’s use of logos makes his argument strong and evident. He ratifies facts that cannot be argued. Throughout the letter he supports his technique very adequately; for example explaining the difference between a just and unjust law. In his letter King states, â€Å"Let us consider a more concrete example of just and unjust laws. An unjust law is a code that a numerical or power majority group compels a minority group to obey but does not make binding on itself. This is difference made legal. By the same token, a just law is a code that a majority compels a minority to follow and that it is willing to follow itself.This is sameness made equal† (219). Here King is basically saying that if a majority does not follow a law, but the law is enforced on a minority, it would be difficult to argue that this is a fair ruling. Any â€Å"just† law is obligated and must be followed by all the citizens of that country, majority or minority. Another vivid logic reason in his letter is when King remarks on the crooked methods that were being used to prevent African Americans from voting in public elections. As he states, â€Å"Who can say that the legislature of Alabama which set up that state’s segregation laws was democratically elected?Throughout Alabama all sorts of devious methods are used to prevent Negros from becoming registered voters, and there are some counties in which, even though Negroes constitute a majority of the population, not a single Negro is registered. Can any law enacted under su ch circumstances be considered democratically structured? † (219-220). The United States having a establish legal system set up on the bases of representative democracy, meaning that the population of that country elect officials and by default, choose who makes the laws.By delivering his used of logos, if a majority of the people is not granted to take democratic action, therefor the United States â€Å"legal system† is failing its goal. Another very effective rhetorical strategy that King uses to convince his audience his claim is pathos. King attempts to create a feeling of sympathy and proximity for the civil rights cause. To establish this point, he uses in his letter an emotional and powerful complex example to relate to the emotion felt by the African American, patiently waiting for their Constitutional rights.It states as follow, â€Å"But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and father .. when you have seen hate-filled policemen curse, kick, and even kill your black brothers and sisters; when you suddenly find your tongue twisted and your speech stammering as you seek to explain to your six-year-old daughter why she can’t go to the public amusement park and see her beginning to distort her personality by developing an unconscious bitterness toward white people; when you are forever fighting a degeneration sense of â€Å"nobodiness†Ã¢â‚¬â€ then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait† (King 217-218).King acknowledges and understands that people who have never experienced segregation might not be able to fully put themselves in the position to make a fair decision through the use of pathos. He describes seeing police officers, people who are supposed to uphold the law killing African Americans or failing to enforce order when mobs make it their duty to lynch an innocent mother because of their skin color. He uses allusion as in â€Å"your tongue twisted and your speech stammering† in d escribing the disgrace he felt as a father having to tell his six-year-old daughter that she was â€Å"not good enough† to go the segregated amusement park (218).Kings use of pathos helps visualize and focus his audience on the words and imagine a clear mental image. Lastly, through the use of specific rhetorical strategies such as logos and pathos, Martin Luther King Jr. effectively refuted the clergymen’s argument. Kings success was also due to his unique strategy of directly addressing his audience, the clergymen, to create the basis of his argument. From that point on, King was able to slowly blame and refute the clergymen’s claims.This effective method allowed King to present his counterargument with more conviction and authority and achieve his goal: justifying the reasons for nonviolent demonstrations and ending segregation once and forall. Works Citied Jefferson, Thomas. â€Å"The Declaration of Independence. † A World of Ideas. Ed. Lee A. Jacobus . Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2010. 77-85. Print. King Jr. , Martin Luther. â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail. † A World of Ideas. Ed. Lee A. Jacobus. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2010. 211-231. Print.

Communication misunderstandings Essay

Communication misunderstandings happen all the time in business communications, and the consequences can range from annoying to terrible. Here are some simple rules to follow that can save you a world of trouble when communicating with colleagues and partners. Active listening Active listening is one of the best ways to effectively communicate with others. In fact, when we actually listen, misunderstanding is less likely to occur. Active listening is all about building rapport, understanding, and trust. Face the speaker, maintain eye contact, keep an open mind, engage yourself. Ask question Avoid making assumptions based on prejudiced opinions. Ask questions to confirm, whether you are the one sending or receiving the message. Never assume that you know what has been conveyed. If someone conveys a message that is unclear, ask for more clarification Be Aware of Your Verbal and Non-Verbal Language Be certain to clearly convey the same verbal and non-verbal cues. Do not give mixed communication signals. Remember, body language, facial expressions, and tone of speech play a significant part in how messages will be interpreted. For example, if you say something one way, and your facial expression says something else, it is very possible that a miscommunication may occur. Build, rapport the relationship Build rapport when you develop mutual trust, friendship, and empathy with someone. Building rapport can be incredibly beneficial to your career – it opens doors and helps establish good relationships with clients, colleagues, and team members. Manage the conflict situation Learn to resolve problems and conflicts as they arise. Learn how to be an  effective mediator and negotiator. Use your listening skills to hear and understand both sides of any argument – encourage and facilitate people to talk to each other. Try not to be judgemental but instead ease the way for conflict resolution Provide constructive feedback †¢Constructive feedback refers to providing a person with useful information about their approach, skills and/or actions in order to encourage professional and personal development. It includes both what a person is doing well and what they need to improve. you can avoid misunderstandings and check to make sure that your communication is clear. Constructive feedback motivates many who use it to change their behavior, study new things, or adopt new attitudes. The summary is also an opportunity to show your support for the other person and an effective way to conclude even a negative feedback situation on a positive note. If communicating with a person from another culture, become familiar with the needs, cultural expectations and language level of the person. have self-awareness of their own cultural practice, including prejudice, stereotyping and bias understand various cultural factors contributing to cultural differences be sensitive and appreciate a migrant’s migration experience have a good knowledge of, and skills in, communication be able to work with interpreters be willing to accept and appreciate other cultures. Communication channel Channels vary in their information richness. Information-rich channels convey more nonverbal information. As you may be able to guess from our earlier discussion of verbal and written communications, verbal communications are richer than written ones. Research shows that effective managers tend to use more information-rich communication channels than less effective managers. [1]The figure below illustrates the information richness of different information channels. Like face-to-face and telephone  conversation, videoconferencing has high information richness because Receivers and Senders can see or hear beyond just the words—they can see the Sender’s body language or hear the tone of their voice. Handheld devices, blogs, and written letters and memos offer medium-rich channels because they convey words and pictures/photos. Formal written documents, such as legal documents, and spreadsheets, such as the division’s budget, convey the least richness because the format is often rigid and standardized. As a result, nuance is lost. In business, the decision to communicate verbally or in written form can be powerful. In addition, a smart manager is aware of the nonverbal messages conveyed by either type of communication—as noted earlier, only 7% of a verbal communication comes from the words themselves. When determining whether to communicate verbally or in writing, ask yourself:Do I want to convey facts or feelings? Verbal communications are a better way to convey feelings. Written communications do a better job of conveying facts. A breakdown in the communication channel leads to an inefficient flow of information. Employees are unaware of what the company expects of them. They are uninformed of what is going on in the company. This will cause them to become doubtful of motives and any changes in the company. Also without effective communication, employees become department minded rather than company minded, and this affects their decision-making and productivity in the workplace. Eventually, this harms the overall organizational objectives as well. Hence, in order for an organization to be run effectively, a good manager should be able to communicate to his/her employees what is expected of them, make sure they are fully aware of company policies and any upcoming changes. Therefore, an effective communication channel should be implemented by managers to optimize worker productivity to ensure the smooth running of the organization. The key to effective communication is to match the communication channel with  the goal of the communication. [3] For example, written media may be a better choice when the Sender wants a record of the content, has less urgency for a response, is physically separated from the Receiver, doesn’t require a lot of feedback from the Receiver, or the Message is complicated and may take some time to understand. Oral communication, however, makes more sense when the Sender is conveying a sensitive or emotional Message, needs feedback immediately, and does not need a permanent record of the conversation. Use the guide provided for deciding when to use written versus verbal communication.

Animal Rehab Essays

Animal Rehab Essays Animal Rehab Essay Animal Rehab Essay Rehabilitating Animals What exactly is animal rehabilitation? The meaning of rehabilitation is to help restore something/someone so that it/they can hopefully readapt to life. Rehabilitating animals usually occurs through veterinarian care, building trust, creating companionship, and even recreating their habitat in the case of wildlife. There are different reasons for rehabilitating animals. The main reasons are injury, sickness, abandonment, or abuse. When it comes to wildlife, environmental dangers such as destruction of their habitat, getting hit by vehicles, orphaned or abandoned babies, and birds that have fallen from their nest, are more likely to be the cause. (Rehabilitating Animals) Requirements for obtaining jobs that work with animals are somewhat extensive yet, in some ways, simple. Some knowledge in biology and animal anatomy is needed to make sure to have a good understanding of the animal’s body and environment. Animal rehabilitators need to have extensive knowledge of the different species they will be working with. They also need to know a decent amount about their habitats and what they need in order to survive on their own in the wild. There are many jobs associated with caring for animals. Some of these are wildlife rehabilitators, veterinarians, animal rehabilitators for pets and farm animals, and wildlife managers. Many wildlife rehabilitators are members of the National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association and/or the International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council. Being a member of one or both of these helps rehabilitators to do more for the wildlife than what they do as part of their careers. Wildlife Rehabilitation as a Career) Jobs like the ones mentioned above require a variety of different educational levels. Veterinarians have to go to college for four regular undergraduate years. During these first four years they take pre-vet courses along with the regular required classes for a bachelor’s degree. After they have completed these first four years, they must complete four more years of actual veterinarian training. Once all eight years of college are completed they are certified as a Doctor of Veterinarian Medicine. Veterinary Education Requirements by Profession Level) If planning to be a wildlife rehabilitator someone can take a six month online course to become certified. If they want to further their education they can always take additional classes like this and even train somewhere local. In order to become a wildlife manager a person must have a four year degree within discipline. When it comes to rehabilitating pets and farm animals a person can either get certified as a wildlife rehabilitator or a person can always train under someone that already does this type of work. So, even though all these careers have to do with animals, they all require different educational levels. (Career Details- Wildlife Manager ; Wildlife Rehabilitation as a Career) Most people that go into the field of rehabilitation for animals do it purely for making a difference in the animals’ lives. If the person truly cares about the outcome of the animal, then money should not be a factor in helping animals in need. This is a major aspect of animal rehabilitation because rehabilitator’s income, if any is received at all, is low to moderate. Most of the time this work is done voluntarily or as an extra on-the-side job. More than likely, the people that is working with the animals to rehabilitate them do it from the heart not for money. Whether it be lending a helping hand at a shelter or running a rescue center out of someone’s own pocket, there are several ways to help out. Since having the expenses is such an important part of running a shelter, it is more common for someone to lend a hand instead of actually running the shelter themselves. Any person can help out just by looking around their neighborhood, in the paper, on the internet, or other resources for places that care for animals and volunteer work is needed. Other ways to lend a hand are to donate food supplies, money, or even the equipment needed to perform certain procedures. A person could also help out by purchasing land and building supplies for the construction of new rehabilitation centers. Many people would be surprised at the number of rehabilitation, care, and support centers for animals located in their own communities, towns, and cities. There are several centers that are not well known but can be found if sought after. Usually these are the ones that need more support and helping hands to meet their needs. Wildlife Rehabilitation as a Career) When it comes to a main cause for the need of rehabilitation, I am going to bring up animal-rights. The very reasons that brought about the animal-rights movement are some of the same reasons that bring forward the need for rehabilitation. Animal-rights are against the abuse and misuse of animals and for the animals to have their own rights as humans do. Supporters of the animal-rights movement are worried about the use of animals in pleasure hunting, killing for only certain parts of the animal, medical, and cosmetics testing. Some of the people that feel so strongly about the bad treatment of animals have even turned to vegetarianism. (Animal-Rights; Animal-Rights Movement) Animal-rights campaigns have been in a large degree responsible for the tightening of the reins on the use of animals in research. Whether it is lab rats, monkeys, or other laboratory animals, it is unfair to them as living things to be treated like this. Using animals for such experiments can leave them with lifelong scars, both emotionally and physically, and can even end up killing them. The scared animals are then in need of rehabilitation, love, and new found trust for humans, which may not even be of any help. Whether it is medical or cosmetic, the use of animals for testing must come to an end. (Animal-Rights Movement) Many people believe that animals do not have any rights and are a form of property only to support humans and their needs. Others believe quite differently. They believe that they are for the use of people as said in the Bible, but that they also have their own sense of being and have feelings just like humans. Still, there are others that believe animals are not property and should not help man in any way whatsoever. The animal-rights movement has over one-hundred groups in the United States that are interested in the welfare of animals. There are still those that believe that this movement is backed by extremist that will ruin the economic, political, and religious institutions. The animal-rights movement is also in action in Canada, Western Europe, Australia, and even New Zealand. (Thorburn) Some people may think that physical therapy for animals is a bit farfetched. However, when a person thinks of the nature and the benefits behind therapy for pets, it turns out to be the best option. It can help reduce the need for medication, help heal small injuries before they get worse, and even help with chronic problems. Physical therapy can be performed in many different ways. The main one is taking the time to get an animal use to humans and to expect and return love instead of fear and anger, as well as gaining a trusting relationship. Massages are another type and can be given by the owner or care giver. They are mainly used to relax the muscles and help to comfort the pet. Also, hypnotherapy is conducted in a pool or tank full of water, and it helps the pet exercise without causing extra stress or pain on the muscles and joints. (Mazis) It has been said that there has recently been a large increase in the amount of people giving physical therapy to pets. With this increase of people, a person can also get an increase of places offering this service. The requirements for the people offering this rehab are still widely varied in the since of both education and training. It is best to get someone that is professionally trained in rehabilitation/physical therapy and veterinary technology with good experience working with a person’s kind of pet. (McMahon) Physical therapy is a good choice for older animals due to their aging bodies. If an aging animal undergoes physical therapy when it reaches a certain age then it will continue to build its strength instead of becoming lazy and weak. Physical therapy is also a better choice for those with chronic musculoskeletal problems, such as hip dysplasia or arthritis, than medicine or even surgery might be. Since these disorders are usually treated with surgery, therapy is often a requirement for recovering. Undergoing physical therapy can help a pet or wild animal adjust to living with its conditions more comfortably then if it were to go without it. As one can see, physical therapy can be safer and less expensive than many other methods of treatment. Then only difficulty with physical therapy is that if it is not performed properly, it can result in injury for both humans and animals. Even if people know how to properly give physical therapy, they need to be trained to handle specific species. As always a specialist in physical therapy should be consulted before performing it on any animals without training. This type of work is becoming larger in many pet services such as pet stores, check-ups at the vet, pet spas, and many others. With these growing pet services, pet therapy is becoming more available in different areas as the benefits are becoming better known. Still yet finding the right physical therapist for one’s pet can be difficult depending on their location and what type of pet they own. Mazis) To fully understand the way that rehabilitation works, one would have to get involved. It takes a lot of time, patience, a gentle touch, and a caring heart. A person must be fully devoted to the cause and not get easily discouraged. Just like humans, animals need the attention and the support to fully rehabilitate. There are many different methods to rehabilitating animals. All of them require time, trust, and companionship in different levels. Shockingly this is n eeded whether a person is working with wildlife or companion pets. More of the ompanionship is needed with the pets than with the wildlife so that the wild animals can be returned to the wild. If someone is working with a pet that has been mistreated, the best approach is to let the animal come to them. Let it know that this person can be trusted and that they will not mistreat the animal. A person has to show them that not all humans are cruel and harmful. This will take time but most cases result in new found trust. On the other hand, someone dealing with an abandoned or injured pet the healing process is quite different. If the pet has been injured it mainly needs veterinarian care and the time to heal. More than likely, even if it is left with a defect, it will spring right back to normal. Sure, it may never exactly be the same animal it once was, but its spirit is still the same. If the pet has been abandoned, then someone really has the easiest job on their hands. The likely cause behind this abandonment is the lack of time to care for the animal or maybe even the lack of care and love for the animal. Most companion pets need just that, companionship. All they want and need is the love and attention that they strive for in order to be the best animal that they can be. One can either find them a new home with loving caregivers or even keep them themselves. These animals are the ones that are attention deprived, therefore, all they need to rehabilitate is that attention and care they have missed out on. Give them that, and a little extra love, and the caregiver will have a closed case every time. Now when it comes to rehabilitating wildlife, one has a whole different case on their hands. Yes, they too need the same amount of, if not more, time, trust, and definitely the patience as pets require. The main difference is that wildlife must also be taught how to use their instincts to help them survive in the wild. If the animal has been abandoned from birth then it will most likely require a lot more time to recover than others. A person has to decide what all the animal is going to need to survive based on the type of animal, its living conditions, and the animal’s age. Then a person has to help the animal learn how to live in its natural habitat so that it can later be returned to the wild. Throughout this process a person has to make sure that the animal does not get too attached to the caregiver. If it does then its release back into the wild could be difficult or dangerous for the animal as well as the caregiver. If the animal is injured then it could require a decent amount of time to recover but less than one that has been abandoned. This is because one that has been abandoned generally has more needs than an injured animal. In this case, a person would have to find the injury, try and fix whatever is wrong, and then help the animal to recover from the procedure as well as the shock. In both the cases where a person has an abandoned wild animal or an injured one the results could end out worse than a person had hoped. In order for the animal to survive, a person may end up having to raise it in captivity for the rest of its life. This is not what rehabilitators strive for. However, it is a better outcome than if the animal does not make it. It is quite rare that a person would run into a case of a wildlife animal that is being ill-treated. Even though this rarely happens, it is very possible to run into a situation such as this. It could be that a person has captured and kept a wild animal such as a skunk, ground hog, any wild birds, wolves, bobcats, or other animals of this type. Not only is capturing these animals a type of cruelty but the person may not be taking good care of the animal or has been mistreating it. In this situation, a person would just take the animal from the person’s possession, treat any wounds that the animal has, make sure it can survive if set out into the wild, and then treat it like a person would any other animal. As one can see there are a variety of ways to handle the rehabilitation of wildlife as well as companion pets. These that I have mentioned are just a few of the basic methods and situations that a person could run into. There are many more that people have discovered, or are perfecting, and even those that will be used in the future. There might even be some ways that have been used in the past but have yet to be discovered by today’s rehabilitators and historians. Just imagine all of the possibilities that could become reality for those that care about the welfare and health of companion pets and wildlife as well as the benefits for these animals. In conclusion, animal rehabilitation is one of those topics that more or less need to be discovered individually. Every person will have a different way of handling the rehabilitation process. Maybe they will come up with their own new way to administer the physical therapy, or perhaps they will use someone else’s already discovered tactics. Careers in animals rehabilitation, as stated before, are not numbered in plenty, but they are more than most people have noticed. These careers do not offer a large amount of money but they require non-expensive tools. These tools are love, attention, care, and the facility to house the rehabilitation. Animal rehabilitation is a profession that is in need of many more workers. Despite the many people that claim to care about animals and their rights as living things, not all of these people put forth an effort. It is understood that some may not have the expenses to do so, but simply offering a person’s love, time, and attention is all that is needed. Although one may not completely understand the work that is done, a helpful hand is always welcome. I strongly encourage anyone that has the time and patience to look around their neighborhood for a rehabilitation center and lend a helpful hand to those in need. Animal rehabilitation is full of new and improved ways for healing physically injured, emotionally harmed or distressed, abandoned, and orphaned animals. No matter which one of these â€Å"injuries† it is that the animal is going or has gone through, rehabilitation through physical therapy and loving care is just what the doctor ordered.

Animal Farm And The Russian Revolution Essays - British Films

Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution jonathan chan Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution have many similarities and ideas. The characters, settings, and the plots are the same. In addition Animal Farm is a satire and allegory of the Russian Revolution, George Orwell meant for it to be that way. My essay will cover the comparison between Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution. Also it will explain why this novel is a satire and allegory to the Revolution. First of all the characters of the farm have a special role in Russian Revolution. The farm itself represents Russia, with its poor conditions and irresponsible leaders. Napoleon, the mad dictator pig who plays Joseph Stalin in real life. Snowball, the leader who gets betrayed by Napoleon and plays Lenin, Old Major as Karl Marx. And who could forget the others like Boxer, who plays the working class, and Molly as white Russia, and of course Mendez 2 the evil dogs of Napoleon who inspire the role as the secret police of Joseph Stalin. Both the novel and Russian Revolution cover the same ideas because of these reasons. In the Russian Revolution an irresponsible leader name "Nicholas the second" or how people in those days refer to him as "the Czar" was overthrown by a new leader with better ideas and ways to keep Russia alive, he was Lenin! But then he was betrayed by one of his communist comrades, Stalin. Stalin ruled for a great period of time, but everyone knows there is no such thing as immortality, and so he got kicked out too! This time by his own people. In Animal Farm a boar name "Old Major" has a dream about a world where animals rule, there are no differences, all equality, a dream about communism. This same thought applies with the idea of Stalin and his plan in ruling Russia. So when Snowball hears this him and his comrades get ready to attack the government, Mr. Jones (also known as "the Czar"). When he is ov erthrown Snowball becomes the leader and is betrayed by Napoleon. This event is when Stalin kicks out Lenin. Mendez 3 Animal Farm is a great example of a "Political Satire". The novel was written to criticize the totalitarian regimes and particularly Stalin's rule in Russia. In Chapter one its tells how the author, George Orwell, feels about the novel. Also it give reference to the farm and how it relates to Russia. But you can see all the satire in chapter two. It tells how inefficient of the idea "communism" does not work. Human nature can't handle "communism". We are too devious and too demanding for the things we want, we are "bossy". From chapter two to the last chapter shows how the novel is a Satire and in the end has a conclusion that was shown in chapter two. The characters, settings, and plot of Animal Farm is an "allegory" to the Russian Revolution. For example Napoleon symbolizes Joseph Stalin because they are both advocates of the devil and follow an idea of a certain race or species ruling everything. The farm of course is Russia with their bad conditions and no good government. And last of all the plot tells about the same thing, dictatorship never works! Mendez 4 George Orwell has made good points in his novel. I think he's a great and very smart writer because his novel was disguised as a children's novel to a Revolution where if you spoke what you thought about it you would get executed. In conclusion I think Animal Farm is a great novel and not only did I learn about a group of Animals taking over a farm but I learned more about World War one history and Russia's history.

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 52

History - Essay Example are summoned to value initiative and responsibility by acknowledging the significance of courage in order to be willing to acquire understanding as a means to it. Otherwise, Kant stressed as well that, people who think themselves capable find it rather an advantage to their ends to obtain guardianship for those who become weakened either by cowardice or indolence. Further implications for the westerners include improved state of civilized affairs via public education, abolition of social classes that originally discriminated the educated from the uneducated, and cultural gain. Moreover, by virtue of enlightenment, people of the West would be taught an approach to communication that quite reduces involvement to prejudice while they could be disposed, however, to greater degree of individualism as a consequence. To achieve enlightenment according to Kant, nevertheless, they must learn to be ‘free’, for freedom apparently coincides with the power of

Digital Technology and Customer Relationship Essay

Digital Technology and Customer Relationship - Essay Example C.Laudon and P.Laudon (2006) believed that well-designed CRM systems can improve sales and customer service. Thompson and Cats-Baril argued, "Customer relationship management systems typically offer software and online tools for sales, customer service and marketing." (Thompson, 2003, 121-130) CRM systems provide sales prospect and contact information, product information, product configuration, and sales quote generation capabilities. In B&N Company, CRM software enables customer and prospect information to be shared easily among sales, marketing, and delivery department. It can increase sales department's efficiency in reducing the cost per sale as well as the cost of acquiring new customers and retaining old ones. (Harrington, 1991) CRM software also has capabilities for sales forecasting, territory management. Customer service modules in CRM systems offer tools and information to create call centres, help desk service, and customer support personnel more proficient. CRM systems have capabilities for assigning and managing customer service requests. In the early 1990s, the idea of 500 TV channels had been embraced by the nation's leading media, computing, and telecommunications conglomerates. Now--after the mid-1990s--the nation's leading microprocessor manufacturer was ridiculing the old capacity and pioneering the way toward half a million marketing channels. Hollywood and Silicon Valley may have loved Grove's statements, but in Madison Avenue, they triggered fear and loathing. Media planners, in particular, felt distraught. Deregulation, cable revolution, and alternative media options had already shattered the old and cozy status quo. As the "big three" networks lost control of the prime time audience, promotions were invading ad volumes and brand loyalty was rapidly becoming a remnant of history. (Negroponte, 1995) Interactive television threatened to re-fragment the already fragmented markets. And now Silicon Valley was dreaming of 500,000 channels That did not mean a simple channel multiplication any longer; instead, it meant far more--a revolution in the entire channel infrastructure and the ensuing demise of all conventional industry wisdom. Digital Marketing Communications Since the mid- 1980s, the global markets have been swept by the emergence of digital marketing communications. In the past, mass marketers conceived of, organized and implemented the marketing paradigm, which originated from the consumer markets. Toward the end of the 20th century, marketers were conceptualizing and launching a new marketing paradigm. It evolved in business-to-business markets. (Brockman, 1996) If Procter & Gamble heralded the era of mass marketing, Federal Express seemed to anticipate the new one of digital marketing communications. In the long term, these systems would also proliferate in the consumer markets. (Robert, 1997) The new environment puzzled even the hard-nosed veterans. Industry wisdom had become a competitive disadvantage. Old rules no longer worked. As technology companies, they were familiar with software; as media

Business-to-Business Marketing Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Business-to-Business Marketing Report - Essay Example (Zoltners, Sinha & Lorimer 2009: 3). A motivated sales force will usher higher sales as compared to an unmotivated sales force. A well-coached, well-trained sales force ushers more sales than an untrained sales force. 2.1 â€Å" Sales Force Structure â€Å" If a company markets a single product to one industry with customers spreading over many locations and in such an event, it is ideal to employ a territorial sales force structure. On the other hand, if a company sells different products to many varieties of customers, it may either engage a product sales force structure or a customer sale force structure or a mixture of both. Under the territorial sales force setup, an exclusive geographic province is assigned to each sales person to market the company’s whole range of products to all customers in that geographical area. Under this structure, each sales person role and accountability are clearly defined. Company with diversified products engages different kinds of product s sales forces. For instance, Lear Corporation’s employ outstanding 145-sales force that brings many feats to the company. Lear sales force is good at relationship building and to satisfy customer’s needs. (Kotler 2008:423). American Express ,PepsiCo, and the Hartford Financial Services Group. sales personnel comprise one of the company’s most expensive and productive assets and increasing their figures may increase both revenue and costs to the company. (Kotler 2008:423). 2.2 â€Å" Various Sales Promotional Tools† A company’s sales promotion mix includes a mixture of various types of sales promotional tools employed by it to market its products or services. The chief six sales promotional tools are – advertising, personal...About $ 800 billion is being spent by all American companies each year on sales force, which is about 3 times the quantum of dollars spent on advertising. Many past empirical studies have found communication; commitment, trust, social contracts and co-operation are the variables that influence B2B relationships. As per eMarketer, about 88% of the shoppers prefer to do shopping online instead of traditional shopping as they can shop through online 24 hours a day and 365 days during a year. According to DoubleClick research study, about 73% of interviewees answered that they purchased a product through online due to email marketing. This demonstrates that B2C marketing is gaining momentum nowadays. SPSL should maintain adequate sales force and should launch its own website. SPSL should publish some success stories, offer the visitors some plumbing tips on how to keep their plumbing system hassle-free, and there should be a review section where its customers can post their views and recommendations about the SPSL services. SPSL can also introduce e-mail campaigns, pay-per-click campaign, local SEO programs and other online marketing strategies to attract new customers. SPSL should also publish in their websites positive reviews’, blog entries, and forum discussions section, about its past deals and upcoming ones.

Individual and Combined Healing Techniques Experiment

Individual and Combined Healing Techniques Experiment Smart materials: The materials that have one or more properties that can be changed in a controlled way by an external stimuli such as heat, light, pressure, electric field etc. Examples: Piezoelectric: these materials produce a voltage when stress is applied Magnetic shape memory: these materials change their shape in response to magnetic field PH sensitive polymers: these materials change their volume with change in their surrounding ph. Chromogenic systems: these materials change their color with thermal, opticall and electrical changes Temperature responsive polymers: these materials change their behavior with change in temperature. and many more as Smart inorganic polymers, Halo chromic,Ferro fluid,Photomechanical materials, Self-healing materials, Magneto caloric materialsetc. Smart materials in construction industry: since the dawn of humanity, having a proper place to live under has been the prime need of humans, to tackle this the humans have started building shelters using natural available materials.wiht the passage of time the human being evolved and their requirementsincreased, and a new era of construction begin in which they combined utilizedscientific methods to build huge sky scrapers of different shapes and heights. In the twentieth century to achieve certain automated functions and artificial intelligent systems, certain materials that could decide on their own in limited ways were developed. Since then aloof research has been done in this field and it has also been utilized in construction industry in manyways I-e It is used in windows to automatically close and open in response to light and temperature, it is also used in rooms electric control systems to switch on and off depending on the requirements, It is used in central cooling and central heating system to control the room temperature.it is also used in concrete to introduce certain qualities, Self healing concrete: The concrete that fix its own crack is called the self healing concrete Introduction: Concrete is a core building material. But even concrete starts to crumble when it comes face-to-face with water, wind, stress and pressure. it is the worlds most usable material since 2000 years when then romans built pantheon.and the durability of the concrete has always been under question.since centuries a lot of money, effort and time spent in repairing concrete structures. different types and different of concrete has been tested and utilised,but the issue of cracking hasn,t been solved yet,which reduces the life span of the concrete. The current method of dealing with structural instability in concrete has been to replace or repair it. But what if all you had to do was add a little water? A new type of smart concrete. A concrete that could heal itself and work well till its service life. Types: There are two types of self-healing concrete: bending concrete bio concrete Bending concrete: They consist of polymer fiber thick as human hairs. They are 40% lighter in weight. They are 500 times more resistant to cracking Bio concrete: Bio concrete consist of concrete mix with bacteria called extremophiles. When a crack occurs in the concrete, the bacteria actively produces lime, thus healing the cracks. Mechanism of self healing concrete: Mineral producing bacteria has been found that could help heal micro cracks inconcrete. since 2006 at the Civil Engineering and Geosciences Faculty in Delft A healing agent that activates when certain bacteria added in the concrete convert nutrients into limestone has been under development. The science behind self-healing concrete The project team have investigated individual and combined healing techniques in the laboratory and at the field-scale. The individual healing techniques address damage at various lengths and timescales. These include encapsulating healing agents, bacterial healing agents, and crack closure using shape memory polymer tendons and repeated supply of healing agents through vascular networks. We explore how these work in a bit more detail below: Healing agents small grain sized ingredients areused as healing agents. These capsules are termed as microcapsules. Once the concrete sets the capsules are in dormant condition unless a crack is formed and it ruptures releasing the materials that fills the gap and recovers it. The mechanism stops the entrance of other substances and thus strengthens it. Bacterial action A solution containing self-healing bacteria is mixed within the concrete mix. In their trails scientists used different types of self-healing bacteria. But the bacteria bacillus pseudofirmus mixed with light weight aggregates in the form of pearlites worked the best. Memory polymer tendons Memory polymers have also the healing capability to close any cracks that results later after exposure. In a trial these polymers were manufactured into tendons tied onto the reinforcement .these could be activated by a heating wire system. Repeated supply of healing agent through vascular networks Artificial channels were strategically placed within concrete structures through which healing agents could be supplied under pressure. By combining all the above mentioned mechanics the healing efficiency of the concrete could be increased. Preparation of bacterial concrete: We have two methods: direct application encapsulation in light weight concrete Direct application: In this method,while making the concrete, the bacteria and its food calcium lactate are mixed with the mixture. In this process when a crack occurs the bacteria pores break and the bacteria gets active and feeds on calcium lactate and as a result limestone is produced. Encapsulation method: This method is expensive however effective.in this method bacteria and its food, calcium lactate are formed into pellets and then these pellets are mixed into the concrete. About 6% of bacteria is used in making self-healing concrete. When a crack is formed in the concrete the pellets are broken and the bacteria is released and then the bacteria starts its healing action and thus the cracks are recovered. Testing of bacterial concrete and its result: Sample: In this test concrete disks are prepared by mixing porousaggregates, bacteria and its food to make a self-healing concrete disks. The samples are cured for 56 days. Tests performed on samples: Tensile test: deformation tensile controlled splitting test is performed on the disks. Permeability test: after cracking of the disks, the concrete is place in permeability setup in which water is applied at one end for 24 hours. Test results: After cracking and permeability test, the cracks were healed and the results were obtained. The result showed that the healing of the bacterial concrete was far greater than normal concrete. UKs first trial of self-healing concrete: this is a university led project in which the different types of self healing concretes are tested. The project is named entitled materials for life.in this project three separate self-healing technologies will be used for the first time in real world setting. The overall aim of the Cardiff-led project is to develop a single system that can be embedded into concrete when it is initially set, and then automatically sense when damage occurs. Once damage is detected, the system will be able to repair itself autonomously without the need for human intervention The first technique is using shape shifting materials, called shape memory polymers, which are used to repair large concrete cracks. In the technique, both inorganic and organic bacteria will be injected through thin tunnels into the concrete to fix the cracks. In the third technique, tiny capsules containing bacteria and its food will be embedded in the concrete, so when a crack occurs in concrete the capsules will collapse and heal the cracks. In this research, the researchers have cast six concrete walls, each containing different technology. The team will load the concrete at different angles to induce cracks at different positions and then measure how effective each of the applied technique is. Advantages: Theself-healing concrete reduces the maintenance and the repair costs of the reinforced concrete structures. Oxygen is the main cause of the corrosion of steel in reinforced structures, the bacteria present in self-healing concrete mixture reduces the corrosion of the steel. It can be used for the maintenance of places and structures where the human accessibility is dangerous or impossible I-e- underwater structures, dams, tunnels etc., thus reducing the human losses in construction industry. The crack will be repaired in its initial stages, so the life of the building will increase, making it more sustainable. Disadvantages: If the volume of the bacteria is increased than 20% in self-healingconcrete, the strength of the concrete reduces. It is still in beginner stages, thats why no wide spread use have. Bacteria and calcium lactate are the two main ingredients of the self-healingconcrete, and making of calcium lactate from milk is costly, thus making the self-healing concrete cost double that of conventional concrete. Not practically used in real life buildings, thats why people are reluctant to its use. Skilled labour is required Applications: Self-healing concrete can be used in sectors such as Marine structures Underground retaining walls Highway bridges Basement walls Concrete flooring Tunnel lining Conclusion: Self-healing concrete, is still at its initial development stage and vast research is required in this area, because it is not easily achievable and is costly which makes it difficult to use. But with all its cons it have some good attributes such as self-healing and corrosion reducer. it is an effective and smart material which if further research is carried on, can be the future of concrete structures, enhancing the life span and strength of concrete structures. References: National building specifications (NBS) Delft university/structural department/research articles/webredactie Cardiff university research journal www.iflscience.com www.concrete.org.uk   

Surrogate Mothers Essay -- essays research papers

Surrogate Mothers The practice of bearing a child on behalf of another woman. This is surrogate motherhood. Is it considered immoral? By some, yes. In some countries it is banned—and in others it is promoted or up for consideration. In recent days, the issue of "right and wrong" has surfaced in the midst of this argument, sharing different meanings to the opposing sides. To some, it is right only for the woman who brings forth life to raise the child; for it is deemed that she is the only one fit to be the child's mother. Clearly, we must indeed recognize this side of the argument. But to those with that viewpoint, that is the end of the argument. They do not see any reason for the issue to be continued further; rather, to end the debate and declare anyone who disagrees to lack morals or values. But have those who preach this anti-surrogate moralism ever experienced what it would be like to be those on the other side of this issue? Suppose, for a moment, that they were the ones who were incapable of having children. Would they condemn themselves the way that they condemn others if they were in another predicament? It is surely easy to say what one would do in any situation, but one can never know exactly what they would do until that situation comes. How many of you have ever held a small child in your arms and looked into its small eyes and felt the love that you had for it. Perhaps it was a younger sibling, perhaps even a child of your own. You know how much th...

Computing Goes Green

Gregorio, Marie Grace M. INFOMAN Midterm Exam KTD, Prof. Raymond L. Ganotice PART 1: CHAPTER 5- Computing Goes Green 1. What business and social problems does data center power consumption cause? >>Problems caused by Data Center Power Consumption: BUSINESS PROBLEMSSOCIAL PROBLEMS 1. Electricity consumption doubled1. More servers, more emission of carbon footprints 2. Very high cost for cooling data centers 2. Some materials used are environmentally 3. Heat generated from the servers causes hazardous when not properly disposed equipment failure . What solutions are available for these problems? Which are the most environment-friendly? >> Solutions that are available for data center problem are: a. Use of Hydroelectric power as a source of electricity b. Replacement of copper wiring to light pulses on microprocessors c. Use of thin computers which are very basic terminal machine that consumes significantly less power than normal computers d. Server Virtualization e. Muticore Processor The most environmental-friendly solutions stated above are virtualization and the use of thin computers because both reduce power consumption. Virtualization which creates higher utilization of computer results to fewer data centers therefore electricity consumption is reduced. It is the most efficient means for a cost effective greener computing. On the other hand, the use of thin computers which are directly connected to servers consume significantly less power than normal computers. 3. What are the business benefits and cost of these solutions? >> Majority of these solutions reduces the consumption of electricity because data servers are utilized to its full capacity therefore operating cost on ata servers are reduced also. As stated in the book, cost reduction ranges from 10% to 25% with the use of new solutions. 4. Should all firms move toward green computing? Why or why not? >>Yes, all firms should embrace computing green because our mother earth is now very much destroyed with so many pollutants produced daily. Awareness on how we can lessen this is very important and one of this is computing green which in a way can minimize environmental impact and improve power efficiency.

Analysis of Guy de Maupassant’s “Old Mother Savage” Essay

We are all taught that our identity lies in the roles we play throughout life, in other words, in our actions. William Shakespeare wrote, â€Å"All the world’s a stage / And all the men and women merely players. / They have their exits and their entrances†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (As You Like It, II, vii). Whenever people act outside of their parts; whenever we miss our entrance, our identity is challenged. This can be seen everyday in all walks of life and in all arenas. For example, a teen father who takes responsibility for his child is look upon with surprised admiration while a teen mother is look up with distain for becoming pregnant in the first place. Placing standards and expectations upon people can be a vastly good thing, but what happens when those standards and expectations become too rigid–to all consuming? Rigid, all-consuming, roles have been required of women since time remembered. Even in the twenty-first century, the career woman is still expected to maintain a family. Gloria Steinhem puts it succinctly; â€Å"I have yet to hear a man ask for advice on how to combine marriage and a career.† Men are expected to place high priorities on their careers. The implication is that a man will receive less criticism for neglecting his family for his career, while a woman will be criticized sharply for having a career without also being an excellent wife and mother. Many of these identity feminine roles have been so inflexible that many women cannot break free in order to discovery the woman inside. When circumstances force them out of their traditional roles, they find themselves wondering, â€Å"Who am I? What is my purpose?† Guy de Maupassant in his short story â€Å"Old Mother Savage† (1885) depicts a classic example of this. His main character is a mother in German occupied France who is deprived of her identity roles i.e. wife and mother. Since she has nothing else to give her life purpose, she becomes homicidal and a bit suicidal. In this story, Maupassant is arguing that women who have uncompromising and limited identity roles can become violent to themselves and others. Maupassant paints a vivid picture of how nineteenth century countrywomen of France presented themselves to the world at large. The narrator’s friend,  Serval, describes her as â€Å"not at all timid†¦tall and gaunt, neither given to joking nor to being joked with†¦the men folk come in for a little fun at the inn, but the women are always very staid† (p. 161). Victoire Simon, Old Mother Savage, is a kind, yet reclusive woman. She had once offered the Maupassant wine when he passed by her cottage fifteen years earlier tired and thirsty an obvious kindness (p. 160), yet Serval, Maupassant’s friend who tells the story of Old Mother Savage, implies that a â€Å"staid† attitude is normal for the women of the area. Maupassant presents his readers with a woman who has been taught very specific actions for conduct. She dresses so that her â€Å"tightly bound†¦grey hair† is never seen in public. She was taught duty and â€Å"never learned how to stretch [her mouth] in laughter. By the time Maupassant’s readers meet Victoire, her identity is irrevocably tied to performing the duties of wife and mother. Just like all the other wives of the region, she is nothing without the duties of either wife and/or mother. Victoire has her identity challenged thrice. The first challenge occurres many years before when â€Å"[t]he father, an old poacher, had been shot by gendarmes [police]† (p. 160). This provides a serious blow to her wife identity but she buries the lose because after all half her identity is still intact–she is still a mother. The role of mother is more prevalent than that of wife since, she cannot control the actions and their consequences of her husband. He, to some extent, failed in his role of husband and father by getting caught at poaching and subsequently shot for the offense. Victoire, on the other hand, is still around to perform all the motherly duties of keeping a home, cooking meals, and mending clothes, which she does religiously. The second challenge to her identity comes when war is declared and her son, now thirty-three, goes to fight in the Franco- Prussian War. Victoire is alone. She knows her duty but has no one to perform it for save for herself. Her life consists of â€Å"go[ing] to the village once a week, to buy herself bread and a little meat; then get back home at once† (p. 161). She does only what is necessary to keep herself alive until she can resume her duty as mother. In her mind there is nothing else for her–no gossiping with the village ladies; no sewing a new garment for herself; no cups of tea with a  neighbor. Her world ceases to function without her duty to her son. The death stroke to her identity began with the arrival of the Prussians. She is required to billet four of the occupying German soldiers, since she was â€Å"known to be well off† (p. 161). These young men, about the same age as her son â€Å"would clean up the kitchen, scrub the flagstones, chop wood, peel potatoes, wash the house-linen–do, in fact, all the housework, as four good sons might do for their mother† (p. 161). She would cook and mend for them, as a good mother would do. She still had a purpose–to be a mother even if it was to surrogate sons. For a month these soldiers are sons not enemies then she receives word that her son has been killed in the war. Suddenly, her world is shattered without her son she has lost her last shred of purpose. â€Å"The gendarmes had killed the father, the Prussians had killed the son†¦and suffering flooded her heart† (p. 162). With her husband buried for years, her son dead; she has no identity and co nsequently no purpose in life. Within moments, she plans a special form of revenge–not only will others suffer as she has, not only will someone die for to avenge her son, but she will be sure to die in consequence of her actions. Suddenly, the four German sons become four German soldiers–the enemy. â€Å"Simple folk don’t go in for the luxuries of patriotic hatred†¦the poor and lowly†¦pay the heaviest price†¦their masses are killed off wholesale†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 162). Ones like these German soldiers billeting in her home murdered her boy. It is quite possible that she would have assumed a German mother was caring for her son like she was caring for the German men. She is, after all, a â€Å"simple folk†, who would not have much knowledge of the intricacies of war beyond the billeting of the German soldiers. Therefore, not only did German soldiers kill her son, but also a German mother failed in her duty toward her son. Through a carefully executed plan conceived in the brief afternoon of discovering the fate of her son, Victoire kills the soldiers. She burns her cottage to the ground with the soldiers trapped inside. When the German Officer asks her how the fire started, she said, â€Å"‘I lighted it, myself.’ She took†¦two papers from her pocket. ‘That’s about Victor’s [her son] death.’ ‘That’s their names, so that you can write to their homes.’ ‘Tell them [the German mothers] how it happened, and tell them it was I who  did it, Victoire Simon, that they call the Savage. Don’t forget.'† In order to ease her grief, she wanted other mothers to suffer as much as she was suffering. She knew she would be shot for her actions; she was probably counting on it. She could easily have lied. She could have told the German Officer just about any excuse, but she didn’t. What did she have to live for? She had no purpose for living without her husband and son. Her society, by placing limited and ridged identity roles on its women, robbed her of the ability to discover an identity within herself separate from family. Therefore, she did the only thing she could do–take revenge on the closest target and be sure she did not survive the experience. Maupassant, in five short pages, presents a compelling argument for the avoidance of limiting women with restrictive identity roles. Disastrous consequences are all too likely to result from their removal. Consequences that go beyond the death of four soldiers and their murder, the narrator’s friend Serval had his chateau burned down by the Prussians due to Victoire’s actions. If her identity had been broader–if she knew herself outside of societal-imposed roles, she then may have had something to cling to–a purpose in life rather than a kamikaze plan of revenge.